Introduction
As a foreign national, one of the essential requirements you need to have is an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number (ITIN). This number is a tax processing number issued by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to individuals who are ineligible for a Social Security Number (SSN). If you are planning to invest or work in the United States as a foreign national, having an ITIN number is a crucial step. This article will provide you with a step-by-step guide on how to get an ITIN number, address frequently asked questions, highlight common mistakes, and explain how you can benefit from obtaining an ITIN number.
Step-by-Step Process
To acquire an ITIN number, you will be required to fill out the W-7 form. This form is available on the IRS website, and you can download, print, and complete it manually. You can also choose to fill the form online. To complete the form, you will require identification documents that you will have to submit together with the form. For your application to be successful, you need to have the correct identification documents.
Filling Out the W-7 Form
The W-7 form is an application form for an ITIN number, and it requires information about your identity, immigration status, and foreign status. You are required to fill in the following information on the form:
- Name
- Mailing address
- Reason for application
- Foreign status and country of origin
- Proof of foreign status and identity documents
Once you have completed the form, attach the required documents, including your passport, and mail to the IRS. The IRS will then verify your documents and send a notification of your application status within six weeks.
Identification Documents Required
The following identification documents are required when submitting an application for an ITIN number:
- Original passport or two copies of certified passports;
- A foreign government-issued identification card;
- USCIS (United States Citizenship and Immigration Services) Photo Identification;
- USCIS Independent Client Identification Documentation;
- National ID card (photocopy or certified copy); or
- Birth certificate.
Submitting the Form
You can mail the completed W-7 form and your identification documents to the IRS via postal mail. Applications can also be sent to the IRS through a Certified Acceptance Agent (CAA). A CAA is an individual authorized by the IRS to process ITIN applications.
Digital Filing
If you prefer to apply online, you can fill out the W-7 form through the IRS website. This method is faster and more efficient if you have a reliable internet connection and access to a scanner. When submitting your application, you will be required to attach certified copies of your identification documents.
Entering Your Data Online
When filling the W-7 form online, ensure that you enter accurate information. The fields marked with an asterisk (*) are mandatory, while those marked ‘NC’ imply non-compulsory fields. Ensure that you have the correct supporting documents and that you have scanned them in advance and converted them to a digital format.
Benefits of Digital Filing
Online application of the ITIN number has the following benefits:
- It is faster;
- It is convenient;
- You do not have to mail your documents. Uploading them is safer and more efficient;
- You can check the status of your application online.
Alternative Options
You can also apply for an ITIN number through a Certified Acceptance Agent (CAA) or IRS office assistance. The following are the steps you need to follow:
Certified Acceptance Agent (CAA)
If you choose to use a CAA to apply for an ITIN number, the agent will verify your identification documents and issue a certificate of accuracy. You should then send your documents and the form to the IRS via the CAA. The following steps apply:
- Fill out Form W-7;
- Submit the form together with your identification documents to the CAA;
- A CAA will certify that the documents are authentic and complete;
- They will attach a Certificate of Accuracy;
- Submit the form and identified documents to the IRS; and
- The IRS will process your application and send a notification within six weeks.
IRS Office Assistance
If you prefer to apply for an ITIN number in person, you can visit an IRS office near you for assistance. The following steps apply:
- Carry the required documentation to the nearest IRS office;
- Fill the W-7 form;
- The IRS staff will verify your documents, and after they are satisfied with the authenticity, they will process your application immediately;
- Your ITIN number will be mailed to you.
Frequently Asked Questions
Here are some frequently asked questions about obtaining an ITIN number:
Who is eligible for an ITIN number?
An ITIN number is issued to foreign national residents, non-residents who own businesses in the US, and dependents or spouses of residents or non-residents.
What is the timeline for processing a request?
The processing time for an ITIN application can take up to six weeks. Make your application early enough to avoid delaying your financial or business plans.
Tax Benefits
Having an ITIN number may offer you access to various tax benefits. These benefits Include:
- Ability to file US tax returns;
- Qualifying for Child Tax credit for dependents;
- Qualifying for educational credits and tax deductions;
- Residential tax benefits; and
- The ability to open a bank account and apply for loans.
Foreign Nationals
Foreign nationals who do not qualify for a social security number would need an ITIN number to file their tax returns. The following are the requirements for obtaining an ITIN number as a foreign national:
- You must have a tax filing obligation;
- You must not have a social security number (SSN) or be eligible to get a social security number; and
- You must have a valid reason for requesting the number, such as tax reporting or filing.
Common Mistakes
Common mistakes that applicants make when applying for an ITIN number include:
- Submitting an incomplete application form;
- Not attaching all the necessary supporting documents;
- Using an expired passport or identification document;
- Providing incorrect or inconsistent information; and
- Applying for a number that has already been issued.
Tips for Avoiding Common Mistakes
To avoid the above mistakes, ensure that you:
- Familiarize yourself with the application form and instructions;
- Ensure that your identification documents are valid and non-expired;
- Consistently use the same name and spelling in all your documents;
- Ensure that all your supporting documents match the information indicated on the W-7 form;
- Double-check for accuracy and completeness before submitting the application.
Conclusion
Gaining access to tax benefits, opening up a US bank account, and conducting business as a foreign national in the United States is essential, and obtaining an ITIN number is a step in the right direction. By following the above step-by-step guide and avoiding common mistakes, you will quickly acquire your ITIN number thereby securing your financial engagements within the US. Be diligent in your application process, and in no time, you will have your ITIN number and conduct business conveniently in the United States.
