Introduction
As one of the most common cancers worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health concern. According to the American Cancer Society, about 1 in 23 people in the US will be diagnosed with CRC during their lifetime. The good news is that routine screening can help detect precancerous growths or early-stage cancer, when it’s most treatable. Colonoscopies are a key tool for screening, allowing doctors to examine the lining of the colon and remove any abnormal tissue.
In this article, we’ll discuss how often people should have colonoscopies and what factors can affect screening frequency. Whether you’re due for your first colonoscopy or trying to stay on track with routine screenings, this guide has everything you need to know.
The Frequency of Colonoscopies: How Often Do You Really Need One?
Typically, people should have their first colonoscopy at the age of 50, and then every 10 years thereafter if no precancerous polyps are found. However, this recommendation may vary depending on individual factors and risk levels.
For instance, people with a family history of CRC may need to have colonoscopies more frequently. The recommended frequency may also be higher for people who have a history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or certain genetic conditions like Lynch syndrome.
Breaking Down the Guidelines: Your Guide to Recommended Colonoscopy Schedules
Here’s a quick breakdown of recommended colonoscopy schedules based on age and other factors.
Age 40 to 50
For people with a family history of CRC, who have IBD, or who have a known genetic risk factor, doctors may recommend starting screening at an earlier age, typically around 40. If your first colonoscopy is normal, you may not need another one for 5 to 10 years.
Age 50 to 75
For people at average risk of CRC, the first colonoscopy is usually recommended at the age of 50. If no precancerous polyps are found, the next colonoscopy should be scheduled for 10 years later.
Age 76 and Older
Medical experts may recommend against routine screening colonoscopies for people over the age of 76. However, people with a history of abnormal colon tissue or a family history of CRC may still need colonoscopies.
5 Signs It’s Time to Schedule Your Next Colonoscopy
It’s important to remember that the recommended colonoscopy schedule is just a general guideline – people may need one more frequently depending on a variety of factors. Here are some signs that it’s time to schedule your next colonoscopy:
- You have a family history of CRC.
- Your previous colonoscopy found precancerous growths or signs of abnormal tissue.
- You have symptoms like rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, or changes in bowel habits.
- You have a history of IBD.
- Your doctor recommends a follow-up colonoscopy for some other reason.
If you notice any of these signs, make sure to talk to your doctor about scheduling a colonoscopy sooner rather than later.
Expert Q&A: How Often Should You Really Be Getting a Colonoscopy?
We interviewed several medical experts to get their take on the latest research and recommendations around colonoscopies. Here are some of the most common questions and concerns:
Q: I’m afraid of getting a colonoscopy. Is there an alternative?
There are other screening tests available, like stool-based tests or CT colonography. However, colonoscopies remain the most effective screening tool, allowing doctors to both detect precancerous tissue and remove it during the same procedure. If you have concerns about the procedure, talk to your doctor about ways to make it more comfortable or other alternatives that may be available.
Q: My last colonoscopy was normal. Do I really need another one in 10 years?
Yes. The recommended screening interval is typically 10 years for people at average risk, even if no precancerous tissue was found during the previous colonoscopy. This helps ensure that any precancerous growths that may have cropped up since the last screening are detected and removed early.
Q: My doctor says I need to have colonoscopies more frequently than recommended. Why?
The recommended screening frequency may not be sufficient for everyone, particularly for those with a higher-than-average risk of CRC. Factors like family history, past screening results, and underlying health conditions may influence the recommended screening timeline. If your doctor recommends more frequent screenings, it’s because they believe it’s necessary to protect your health.
Colonoscopy 101: Your Ultimate Guide to Understanding the Procedure and Frequency
Of course, one of the biggest reasons people may avoid colonoscopies is because they’re concerned about the procedure itself. Here’s what you need to know:
What happens during a colonoscopy?
A colonoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that takes about 30 minutes to an hour to complete. You’ll be given medication to help you relax and feel comfortable, and then a long, flexible tube with a tiny camera at the end will be inserted into your rectum. The camera allows doctors to examine your colon and rectum for any signs of abnormal tissue or growths that could indicate cancer. If any abnormal tissue or polyps are found, they can be removed during the same procedure.
How do I prepare for a colonoscopy?
Before the procedure, you’ll need to empty your bowels completely to ensure clear visibility during the exam. This typically involves a special diet a few days before the test, as well as a laxative or enema the night before. Your doctor will give you specific instructions to follow, which may vary depending on your individual health needs.
What are the risks?
Like any medical procedure, there are some risks involved with colonoscopies. These may include bleeding, perforation of the colon wall, or an adverse reaction to medication. However, these complications are rare – studies show that serious complications occur in less than 1% of colonoscopy patients.
Conclusion
No matter what your individual risk level, it’s important to prioritize routine screenings for colorectal cancer. Talk to your doctor about when and how often you should have colonoscopies, and don’t be afraid to ask questions or voice concerns. With regular screenings, we can catch and prevent CRC early, improving outcomes for all.
